Daga cikin masu amfani da ke amfani da manyan bawul ɗin duniya na yau da kullun, sau da yawa suna ba da rahoton matsala cewa manyan bawul ɗin diamita na duniya galibi suna da wahalar rufewa lokacin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kafofin watsa labarai tare da babban bambancin matsa lamba, kamar tururi, matsa lamba mai ƙarfi. ruwa, da sauransu. Lokacin rufewa da karfi, koyaushe ana gano cewa za'a iya zubar da ruwa, kuma yana da wuya a rufe sosai. Dalilin wannan matsala yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tsarin ƙirar bawul da ƙarancin fitarwa na matakin iyakar ɗan adam.

Binciken Wahalar Sauya Manyan Bawul Diamita

Matsakaicin matsakaicin iyakar ƙarfin fitarwa na babba shine 60-90kg, ya danganta da nau'ikan jiki daban-daban.

Gabaɗaya, an ƙirƙiri jagorar kwararar bawul ɗin globe don zama ƙasa da ƙasa a ciki kuma sama da ƙasa. Lokacin da mutum ya rufe bawul ɗin, jikin ɗan adam yana tura ƙafar hannu don juyawa a kwance, ta yadda bawul ɗin yana motsawa ƙasa don gane rufewar. A wannan lokacin, wajibi ne a shawo kan haɗin gwiwar runduna guda uku, wato:

(1) Axial tura karfi Fa;

(2) Ƙarfin juzu'i Fb tsakanin shiryawa da bututun bawul;

(3) Ƙarfin juzu'i na lamba Fc tsakanin ma'aunin bawul da maɓallin diski na bawul

Jimlar lokacin shine ∑M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R

Ana iya ganin cewa mafi girma diamita, mafi girma da ƙarfin axial. Lokacin da yake kusa da rufaffiyar jihar, ƙarfin tura axial yana kusan kusa da ainihin matsa lamba na cibiyar sadarwar bututu (saboda P1-P2≈P1, P2=0)

Misali, ana amfani da bawul ɗin caliber globe na DN200 akan bututun tururi mai lamba 10, kawai farkon rufewar axial thrust Fa = 10 × πr2 = 3140kg, kuma ƙarfin madauwari a kwance da ake buƙata don rufewa yana kusa da madaidaicin madauwari wanda jikin ɗan adam zai iya. fitarwa. iyakar karfi, don haka yana da matukar wahala mutum ɗaya ya rufe bawul ɗin a ƙarƙashin wannan yanayin.

Tabbas, wasu masana'antu suna ba da shawarar shigar da irin waɗannan bawuloli a baya, wanda ke magance matsalar kasancewa mai wuyar rufewa, amma kuma akwai matsalar da ke da wahalar buɗewa bayan rufewa.

Binciken Dalilan Ciki na Ciki na Manyan Diamita Globe Valves

Ana amfani da bawul ɗin manyan diamita na duniya gabaɗaya a cikin kantunan tukunyar jirgi, manyan silinda, injin tururi da sauran wurare. Waɗannan wuraren suna da matsaloli masu zuwa:
(1) Gabaɗaya, bambance-bambancen matsa lamba a tashar tukunyar jirgi yana da girma sosai, don haka ƙimar tururi shima ya fi girma, kuma lalacewa ta fuskar rufewa shima ya fi girma. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwarewar konewa na tukunyar jirgi ba zai iya zama 100% ba, wanda zai haifar da tururi a mashigin tukunyar jirgi don samun babban abun ciki na ruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da cavitation da cavitation lalacewa ga filin rufe valve.

(2) Ga bawul ɗin tsayawa kusa da maɓuɓɓugar tukunyar jirgi da ƙaramin silinda, saboda tururin da ya fito daga tukunyar jirgi yana da wani yanayi mai zafi na tsaka-tsakin lokaci, a cikin cikowar sa, idan ana tausasa ruwan tukunyar. ba shi da kyau sosai, wani ɓangare na ruwa yana yawan hazo. Abubuwan acid da alkali za su haifar da lalata da yashewa zuwa saman rufewa; wasu abubuwa masu kyalli kuma na iya mannewa saman murfin bawul ɗin kuma su yi crystallize, wanda ke haifar da bawul ɗin baya iya rufewa sosai.

(3) Don bawuloli masu shiga da fitarwa na sub-cylinders, yawan amfani da tururi bayan bawul yana da girma kuma wani lokacin ƙananan saboda bukatun samarwa da wasu dalilai. Sanadin yashwa, cavitation da sauran lalacewa ga bawul sealing surface.

(4) Gabaɗaya, idan an buɗe bututun mai girman diamita, bututun yana buƙatar dumama bututun, kuma tsarin zafin jiki gabaɗaya yana buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin tururi don wucewa, ta yadda bututun zai iya yin zafi a hankali kuma daidai gwargwado zuwa wani yanki. kafin a iya buɗe bawul ɗin tsayawa gabaɗaya don guje wa lalata bututun. Saurin dumama yana haifar da haɓaka da yawa, wanda ke lalata wasu sassan haɗin gwiwa. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan tsari, buɗewar bawul sau da yawa kadan ne, wanda ke haifar da zazzagewa ya zama mafi girma fiye da yadda ake amfani da shi na yau da kullum, kuma yana rage yawan rayuwar sabis na filin rufewa.

Magani zuwa Matsaloli a Canja Babban Diamita Globe Valves

(1) Da farko, ana ba da shawarar zaɓin bawul ɗin globe mai rufewa, wanda ke guje wa tasirin juriyar juriya na bawul ɗin plunger da bawul ɗin tattarawa, kuma yana sauƙaƙe sauyawa.

(2) Bawul core da bawul wurin zama dole ne a yi da kayan da kyau yashwa juriya da lalacewa yi, kamar Stellite carbide;

(3) An ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsarin diski na bawul guda biyu, wanda ba zai haifar da yashwa mai yawa ba saboda ƙananan buɗewa, wanda zai shafi rayuwar sabis da tasirin rufewa.