1. Mapoinzi akakosha ekusarudza vharafu

A. Taura chinangwa chevhavha mumudziyo kana mudziyo

Sarudza mamiriro ekushanda evhavha: chimiro chepakati chinoshanda, kushanda nesimba, kupisa kwekushanda, kushanda nezvimwe.

B. Sarudza nenzira yakarurama rudzi rwevharuvhu

Sarudzo chaiyo yerudzi rwevharuvhu yakavakirwa pahunyanzvi hwakazara hwemugadziri wezvese maitiro ekugadzira uye maitiro ekushanda. Paunosarudza rudzi rwevharuvhu, mugadziri anofanira kutanga aziva maitiro ezvimiro uye kuita kwevhavha yega yega.

C. Simbisa kuti kuguma kwekubatanidza kwevhavha

Mukubatanidza kune threaded, flange yekubatanidza uye welded yekupedzisira yekubatanidza, uye maviri ekutanga anonyanya kushandiswa. Mavharuvhu ane thread anonyanya kuve mavharuvhu ane dhayamita yezita asingasviki 50mm. Kana iyo dhayamita yakakura kwazvo, zvakaoma zvikuru kuisa uye kuvhara chikamu chekubatanidza. Kuiswa uye kupatsanurwa kwemavharuvhu akabatanidzwa ari nyore, asi akakura uye anodhura kupfuura mavharuvhu ane threaded, saka akakodzera kubatanidza pombi yehukuru hwakasiyana uye kumanikidza. Welded yekubatanidza inoshanda kune mamiriro ekutakura mutoro, iyo inovimbika kupfuura yekubatanidza flange. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kuparadzanisa uye kudzorera valve yakashongedzwa, saka kushandiswa kwayo kunogumira kune dzimwe nguva iyo inogona kushanda yakavimbika kwenguva yakareba, kana apo mamiriro ebasa akanyorwa uye kutonhora kwakakwirira.

D. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvevhavha

Sarudza zvinhu zvehombodo, zvemukati uye chisimbiso pamusoro pevhavha. Pamusoro pekutarisa zvinhu zvemuviri (tembiricha, kudzvanywa) uye makemikari zvimiro (corrosivity) yepakati yekushanda, kuchena kwepakati (kungave kune yakasimba particles) ichave zvakare nyanzvi. Pamusoro pezvo, tarisa kune zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvehurumende uye dhipatimendi revashandisi. Kwakaringana uye zvine musoro kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvevharuvhu zvinogona kuwana zvakanyanya hupfumi hwehupenyu hwesevhisi uye yakanakisa sevhisi kuita kwevharuvhu. Kutevedzana kwezvinhu kusarudzwa kwemuviri wevharuvhu ndeye nodular iron - kabhoni simbi - simbi isina simbi, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kutevedzana kwemhete yekuisa chisimbiso irabha - Copper - alloy simbi - F4.

2、 Nhanganyaya kune zvakajairika mavharuvhu

A. Butterfly valve

Butterfly vharuvhu ndeyokuti shavishavi ndiro inotenderera 90 madhigirii kutenderedza yakagadziriswa shaft mumuviri wevharuvhu kuti ipedze kuvhura nekuvhara basa. Iyo butterfly valve ine zvakanakira vhoriyamu diki, uremu huremu uye chimiro chiri nyore. Inongoumbwa nezvikamu zvishoma.

Uye chete kutenderera 90 °; Inogona kuvhurwa nekuvharwa nekukurumidza uye kushanda kuri nyore. Kana vharuvhu yeshavishavi iri payakavhurika zvakazara, ukobvu hweshavishavi ndiro ndiyo chete inopikisa kana yepakati ichiyerera nepakati pemuviri wevharuvhu. Nokudaro, kudonha kwemhepo kunogadzirwa kuburikidza nevhavha iduku zvikuru, saka ine maitiro akanaka ekudzora kuyerera. Butterfly valve yakakamurwa kuita elastic soft seal uye simbi yakaoma chisimbiso. Kune elastic sealing valve, rin'i yekuisa chisimbiso inogona kusungirirwa pamuviri wevharuvhu kana kusungirirwa pakatenderedza ndiro yeshavishavi, iine chisimbiso chakanaka. Inogona kushandiswa kwete chete kupuruzira, asiwo kune yepakati vacuum pombi uye inoparadza svikiro. Ivhavha ine chisimbiso chesimbi kazhinji ine hupenyu hwesevhisi hwakareba kupfuura iyo ine elastic chisimbiso, asi zvakaoma kuwana chisimbiso chakazara. Inowanzo shandiswa muzviitiko zvine shanduko huru mukuyerera uye kudonha kwekumanikidza uye kuita kwakanaka kwekupuruzira. Metal chisimbiso chinogona kuchinjika kune yakakwira tembiricha yekushanda, nepo elastic seal ine hurema hwakaganhurirwa netembiricha.

B. Gedhi vharafu

Varuvhu yegedhi inoreva vharuvhu ine muviri wekuvhura nekuvhara (vharuvhu ndiro) inofambiswa nedzinde revharuvhu uye inofamba ichikwira nekudzika ichitevedza nzvimbo yakavharika yechigaro chevharuvhu, iyo inogona kubatanidza kana kucheka gwara remvura. Ivhavha yegedhi ine kushanda kwekuvhara kurinani pane kumisa vharafu, diki kupikisa mvura, kuvhurika nekuvhara basa rekuchengetedza, uye ine kumwe kuita kwemitemo. Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa block valves. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuti saizi yakakura, chimiro chakanyanya kuomarara kupfuura chisimbiso chevhavha, nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso iri nyore kupfeka uye yakaoma kuchengetedza, uye kazhinji haina kukodzera kupuruzira. Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yeshinda pahunde yevharuvhu, vharuvhu yegedhi inogona kupatsanurwa kuita rudzi rwetsvimbo yakavhurika uye yakavanzwa tsvimbo yerudzi. Zvinoenderana nehunhu hwegondohwe, rinogona kukamurwa kuita wedge mhando uye parallel mhando.

C. Cheka vharafu

Cheki vharuvhu ivharuvhu inogona kudzivirira otomatiki kuyerera kwemvura. Ivhavha disc yevhavha yekuongorora inovhurwa pasi pechiito chekumanikidza kwemvura, uye mvura inoyerera ichibva kudivi rekupinza kuenda kune yekubuda. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kudivi rekupinza kwakadzikira pane kudivi rekubuda, dhisiki yevharuvhu inovhara yega pasi pekuita kweiyo fluid pressure musiyano, giravhiti rayo uye zvimwe zvinhu kudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura. Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro, yakakamurwa kuita yekusimudza cheki vharafu uye swing cheki valve. Rudzi rwekusimudza rune kuita kurinani kwekuisa chisimbiso uye hombe yemvura inodzivirira pane inozunguza mhando. Nokuda kwekusveta kwepombi yekusveta pombi, valve yepasi inofanira kusarudzwa. Basa rayo nderekuzadza pombi inopinza yepombi nemvura isati yatanga pombi; Mushure mekumisa pombi, chengetedza pombi inopinza uye pombi muviri uzere nemvura kuti utangezve. Ivhavha yepasi inowanzoiswa chete papombi yakatwasuka papombi inopinza, uye yepakati inoyerera kubva pasi ichienda kumusoro.

D. Bhora vharafu

Chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara chevhavha yebhora ibhora rine denderedzwa kuburikidza neburi. Bhora rinotenderera nedzinde revharuvhu kuvhura nekuvhara vharuvhu. Ivhavhavha yebhora ine zvakanakira chimiro chakareruka, kukurumidza kushandura, kushanda kwakaringana, vhoriyamu diki, uremu huremu, mashoma mativi, kushomeka kwemvura, kuiswa chisimbiso uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore.

E Globe valve

Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhainodzika, uye chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara (valve disc) chinofambiswa netsinde yevharuvhu kuti ifambe ichikwira nekudzika pamwe neaxis yechigaro chevharuvhu (sealing surface). Inofananidzwa nevhavha yegedhi, ine maitiro akanaka ekugadzirisa, kusaisa chisimbiso kushanda, chimiro chakareruka, kugadzira uye kugadzirisa zviri nyore, kupikisa kukuru kwemvura uye mutengo wakaderera. Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharwe,inowanzo shandiswa kupakati nediki dhayamita mapaipi.