1. Amaphuzu abalulekile okukhethwa kwe-valve

A. Cacisa inhloso yevalvu kumpahla noma kudivayisi

Thola izimo zokusebenza ze-valve: uhlobo lwendawo esebenzayo, ingcindezi yokusebenza, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukusebenza njll.

B. Khetha kahle uhlobo lwevalvu

Ukukhetha okulungile kohlobo lwe-valve kusekelwe ekwazini okuphelele komklami wayo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza nezimo zokusebenza. Lapho ekhetha uhlobo lwe-valve, umklami kufanele aqale azi kahle izici zesakhiwo nokusebenza kwe-valve ngayinye.

C. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuphela kokuxhumana kwevalvu

Ekuxhumekeni okucushiwe, uxhumano lwe-flange nokuxhumeka kokuphela okushiselwe, futhi okubili kokuqala kusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ama-valve anemicu ikakhulukazi ama-valve anobubanzi obuncane obungaphansi kuka-50mm. Uma ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu ukufaka nokuvala ingxenye yokuxhuma. Ukufakwa nokuhlakazwa kwama-valve axhunyiwe e-flange kulula kakhulu, kodwa makhulu futhi abiza kakhulu kunama-valve ane-threaded, ngakho-ke afaneleka ukuxhumeka kwamapayipi osayizi abahlukahlukene nezingcindezi. Ukuxhumeka okushiselwe kusebenza esimweni sokusika umthwalo, okuthembeke kakhulu kunokuxhumeka kwe-flange. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuqaqa nokufaka kabusha i-valve eshiselwe, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukhawulelwe ezikhathini lapho ingasebenza khona ngokuthembekile isikhathi eside, noma lapho izimo zesevisi ziqoshwa khona futhi izinga lokushisa liphezulu.

D. Ukukhethwa kwempahla yevalvu

Khetha izinto zegobolondo, izinto zangaphakathi kanye nendawo yokuvala yevalvu. Ngaphezu kokucabangela izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali (ukubola) kwendawo yokusebenza, ukuhlanzeka kwendawo (noma ngabe kunezinhlayiya eziqinile) nakho kuzokwenziwa kahle. Ukwengeza, bheka izinhlinzeko ezifanele zombuso kanye nomnyango wabasebenzisi. Ukukhetha okulungile nokunengqondo kwezinto ze-valve kungathola impilo yesevisi eyonga kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwesevisi ye-valve. Ukulandelana kokukhetha okubalulekile komzimba we-valve kuyinsimbi eyi-nodular - carbon steel - insimbi engagqwali, futhi ukulandelana kokukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwendandatho yokuvala irabha - Ithusi - i-alloy steel - F4.

2, Isingeniso kuma-valve avamile

A. Butterfly valve

I-valve yovemvane iwukuthi ipuleti uvemvane lizungeza amadigri angu-90 eduze kwe-shaft engashintshi emzimbeni wevalvu ukuze kuqedelwe umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala. I-valve ye-butterfly inezinzuzo zevolumu encane, isisindo esilula kanye nesakhiwo esilula. Yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa kuphela.

Futhi ukushintshanisa kuphela 90 °; Ingavulwa futhi ivalwe ngokushesha futhi ukusebenza kulula. Uma i-valve uvemvane isendaweni evuleke ngokugcwele, ubukhulu bepuleti uvemvane yibo kuphela ukumelana lapho okuphakathi kugeleza emzimbeni wevalvu. Ngakho-ke, ukwehla kokucindezela okukhiqizwa nge-valve kuncane kakhulu, ngakho kunezici ezinhle zokulawula ukugeleza. I-valve ye-butterfly ihlukaniswe yaba yi-elastic soft seal kanye ne-metal hard seal. Ukuze uthole i-valve enwebekayo yokuvala, indandatho yokuvala ingashumeka emzimbeni we-valve noma ixhunywe eduze kwepuleti uvemvane, ngokusebenza okuhle kokuvala. Ingasetshenziselwa ukudonsa kuphela, kodwa futhi ipayipi ye-vacuum ephakathi nendawo kanye ne-corrosive medium. I-valve ene-metal seal ngokuvamile inokuphila kwesevisi okude kunaleyo ene-elastic seal, kodwa kunzima ukufeza ukuvala okuphelele. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezikhathini ezinezinguquko ezinkulu ekugelezeni nasekuncipheni kokwehla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-throttling. I-Metal seal ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokusebenza, kanti uphawu olunwebekayo lunesici esilinganiselwe izinga lokushisa.

B. I-valve yesango

Ivalvu yesango isho ivalvu umzimba wayo wokuvula nokuvala (i-valve plate) ishayelwa isiqu se-valve futhi yehla inyuka ihambisana nendawo yokuvala yesihlalo sevalvu, engaxhuma noma inqamule umgudu woketshezi. I-valve yesango inomsebenzi ongcono wokuvala kune-valve yokumisa, ukumelana noketshezi oluncane, ukuvulwa nokuvala ukonga umsebenzi, futhi inokusebenza kwemithetho ethile. Ingenye yama-block valves asetshenziswa kakhulu. Okubi ukuthi ubukhulu bukhulu, isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi kune-valve yokumisa, indawo yokuvala i-sealing kulula ukugqoka futhi kunzima ukuyigcina, futhi ngokuvamile ayifaneleki ukudonsa. Ngokusho kokuma kwentambo esiqwini se-valve, i-valve yesango ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwenduku eveziwe kanye nohlobo lwenduku efihliwe. Ngokwezici zesakhiwo senqama, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo.

C. Hlola i-valve

I-valve yokuhlola iyi-valve engavimbela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukugeleza koketshezi emuva. I-disc ye-valve ye-valve yokuhlola ivulwa ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela kwamanzi, futhi uketshezi lugeleza lusuka ohlangothini lokungena luye ohlangothini lokuphuma. Lapho ingcindezi ehlangothini lokungena iphansi kunaleyo ehlangothini lokuphuma, i-disc ye-valve izovala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kwesenzo somehluko we-fluid pressure, amandla adonsela phansi ayo kanye nezinye izici zokuvimbela ukubuya koketshezi. Ngokwefomu lesakhiwo, ihlukaniswe i-valve yokuhlola yokuphakamisa kanye ne-valve yokuhlola i-swing. Uhlobo oluphakamisayo lunokusebenza okungcono kokuvala kanye nokumelana noketshezi olukhulu kunohlobo lokushwiba. Ukuze uthole i-inlet yokudonsa yepayipi yokudonsa ipompo, i-valve engezansi kufanele ikhethwe. Umsebenzi wayo ukugcwalisa ipayipi lokungena lepompo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuqala iphampu; Ngemva kokumisa iphampu, gcina ipayipi lokungena kanye nomzimba wepompo ugcwele amanzi ukuze uqale kabusha. I-valve engezansi ivamise ukufakwa kuphela epayipini elime mpo endaweni yokungena yepompo, futhi ephakathi igeleza isuka phansi iye phezulu.

D. I-valve yebhola

Ingxenye yokuvula neyokuvala ye-valve yebhola iyibhola elinendilinga ngokusebenzisa imbobo. Ibhola lizungeza nesiqu se-valve ukuvula nokuvala i-valve. I-valve yebhola inezinzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, ukushintsha okusheshayo, ukusebenza okulula, ivolumu encane, isisindo esilula, izingxenye ezimbalwa, ukumelana noketshezi oluncane, ukubeka uphawu oluhle nokugcinwa okulula.

E Globe valve

Ivalvu yembulunga iyivalvu evalekile eyehlayo, kanti ingxenye yokuvula neyokuvala (i-valve disc) iqhutshwa isiqu se-valve ukuze ihambe iye phezulu naphansi eduze kwe-eksisi yesihlalo sevalvu (indawo yokuvala). Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-valve yesango, inokusebenza okuhle kokulawula, ukusebenza kahle kokuvala uphawu, isakhiwo esilula, ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa okulula, ukumelana noketshezi olukhulu kanye nenani eliphansi. Kuyivalvu yokuvimba esetshenziswa kakhulu, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa amapayipi aphakathi nendawo namancane.