1, Amanqaku aphambili okukhetha ivalvu

A. Chaza injongo yesivalo kwisixhobo okanye isixhobo

Qinisekisa iimeko zokusebenza zevalve: ubunjani bendawo esebenzayo, uxinzelelo lokusebenza, ukushisa okusebenzayo, ukusebenza njl.

B. Khetha ngokuchanekileyo uhlobo lwevalvu

Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lohlobo lwevalve lusekwe kubuchule obupheleleyo bomyili wayo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neemeko zokusebenza. Xa ukhetha uhlobo lwevalve, umyili kufuneka aqale alawule iimpawu zesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwevalve nganye.

C. Qinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo lokugqibela lwevalvu

Kuqhagamshelo oludityanisiweyo, uqhagamshelo lweflange kunye noqhagamshelo oludityanisiweyo lwesiphelo, kwaye ezimbini zokuqala zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Iivalvu ezinemisonto ubukhulu becala ziivalvu ezinedayamitha engaphantsi kwe-50mm. Ukuba ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu ukufaka kunye nokutywina inxalenye yokudibanisa. Ufakelo kunye nokuchithwa kweevalve ezidibeneyo ze-flange zilungele ngakumbi, kodwa zikhulu kwaye zibiza kakhulu kuneevalve ezinemisonto, ngoko ke zilungele ukudityaniswa kwemibhobho yobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo. Uxhumo oludibeneyo lusebenza kwimeko yokusikwa komthwalo, othembeke ngakumbi kunoxhumo lwe-flange. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukudibanisa kunye nokubuyisela i-valve edibeneyo, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunqunyelwe kwiimeko apho ngokuqhelekileyo ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuthembekileyo ixesha elide, okanye apho iimeko zenkonzo zibhalwe kwaye ukushisa kuphezulu.

D. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zevalvu

Khetha izixhobo zeqokobhe, izinto zangaphakathi kunye nomphezulu wokutywina wevalve. Ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni iimpawu ezibonakalayo (ubushushu, uxinzelelo) kunye neekhemikhali (i-corrosivity) yendawo yokusebenza, ukucoceka kwendawo ephakathi (nokuba kukho amasuntswana aqinileyo) kuya kulawulwa. Ukongeza, bhekisa kumalungiselelo afanelekileyo karhulumente kunye nesebe labasebenzisi. Ukukhethwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokufanelekileyo kwezinto zevalve kunokufumana ubomi benkonzo yezoqoqosho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkonzo yevalve. Ukulandelelana kwezinto ezikhethiweyo zomzimba we-valve yintsimbi ye-nodular - i-carbon steel - i-stainless steel, kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezikhethiweyo zokutywinwa kwendandatho yirubha - i-Copper - i-alloy steel - F4.

2, Intshayelelo kwiivalvu eziqhelekileyo

A. Ivalve yebhabhathane

Ivalve yebhabhathane kukuba ipleyiti yebhabhathane ijikeleza idigri ezingama-90 malunga neshafti esisigxina kumzimba wevalvu ukugqiba umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala. I-valve ye-butterfly ineenzuzo zomthamo omncinci, ubunzima obulula kunye nesakhiwo esilula. Yenziwe ngamacandelo ambalwa kuphela.

Kwaye jikelisa kuphela 90 °; Inokuvulwa kwaye ivalwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukusebenza kulula. Xa ivalve yebhabhathane ikwindawo evuleke ngokupheleleyo, ubukhulu bepleyiti yebhabhathane bubuxhakaxhaka kuphela xa i-medium iqukuqela kumzimba wevalve. Ngoko ke, ukuhla koxinzelelo okwenziwa ngevalve kuncinci kakhulu, ngoko kuneempawu zokulawula ukuhamba kakuhle. Ivalve yebhabhathane yahlulwe yaba yilastiki ethambileyo yokutywina kunye nentsimbi eqinileyo yokutywina. Kwivalve yokutywina elastiki, ikhonkco lokutywina linokufakwa kumzimba wevalvu okanye incamathiselwe kwipleyiti yebhabhathane, ngokutywinwa kokusebenza kakuhle. Ayinakusetyenziswa kuphela kwi-throttling, kodwa nakwipayipi ye-vacuum ephakathi kunye ne-corrosive medium. Ivalve enetywina yentsimbi ngokubanzi inobomi benkonzo obude kunoko ine-elastic seal, kodwa kunzima ukufezekisa ukutywinwa okupheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezinotshintsho olukhulu lokuhamba kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-throttling. Isitywina sentsimbi sinokuziqhelanisa nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza, ngelixa itywina elilastiki linesiphene esilinganiselwe ngamaqondo obushushu.

B. Ivalve yesango

Ivalve yesango ibhekisa kwisivalo esinomzimba wokuvula nokuvala (ipleyiti yevalvu) eqhutywa sisikhondo sevalvu kwaye ihla inyuka igudle umphezulu wokutywina wesihlalo sevalvu, enokudibanisa okanye inqumle umjelo wolwelo. Ivalve yesango inomsebenzi ongcono wokutywina kunevalve yokumisa, ukuxhathisa ulwelo oluncinci, ukuvulwa kunye nokuvala ukonga abasebenzi, kwaye inomgaqo othile wokusebenza. Yenye yeevalvu zebhloko ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukungalungi kukuba ubukhulu bukhulu, isakhiwo sinzima ngakumbi kune-valve yokumisa, indawo yokutywina ilula ukuyinxiba kwaye inzima ukuyigcina, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayifanelekanga ukuba i-throttling. Ngokwendawo yomsonto kwisiqu sevalve, ivalve yesango inokohlulwa ibe luhlobo lwentonga evelileyo kunye nodidi lwentonga efihliweyo. Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo senkunzi yegusha, inokohlulwa ibe luhlobo lwe wedge kunye nohlobo oluhambelanayo.

C. Khangela ivalve

Ivalve yokutshekisha yivalve enokuthintela ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphuma kolwelo ngasemva. I-disc ye-valve ye-valve yokutshekisha ivuliwe phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lwe-fluid, kwaye i-fluid igeleza ukusuka kwicala lokungena ukuya kwicala lokuphuma. Xa uxinzelelo kwicala lokungena lisezantsi kunelo kwicala lokuphuma, idiski yevalve iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kwesenzo somohluko woxinzelelo lwamanzi, ubunzima bayo kunye nezinye izinto zokuthintela ukubuya kolwelo. Ngokwefomu yesakhiwo, yahlulwe yaba yivalve yokukhangela yokuphakamisa kunye nevalve yokujonga i-swing. Uhlobo lokuphakamisa lunomsebenzi ongcono wokutywina kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi amaninzi kunohlobo lwe-swing. Kwi-inlet yokufunxa yombhobho wokufunxa impompo, ivalve esezantsi kufuneka ikhethwe. Umsebenzi wayo kukugcwalisa umbhobho wokungena wempompo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uqale umpompo; Emva kokumisa impompo, gcina umbhobho wokungena kunye nempompo yomzimba ozele ngamanzi ukuze uqalise kwakhona. Ivalve esezantsi ifakwe ngokubanzi kuphela kumbhobho othe nkqo kwindawo yokungena impompo, kwaye i-medium ihamba ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.

D. Ivalve yebhola

Indawo yokuvula neyokuvala yevalve yebhola yibhola enesetyhula ngomngxuma. Ibhola ijikeleza ngesikhondo sevalve ukuvula nokuvala ivalve. I-valve yebhola ineenzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, umthamo omncinci, ubunzima obulula, iindawo ezimbalwa, ukuchasana kwamanzi amancinci, ukutywinwa kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa kakuhle.

E Ivalve yeGlobhu

Ivalve yeglowubhu yivalve evalekileyo eyehlayo, kwaye indawo yokuvula neyokuvala (i-valve disc) iqhutywa sisikhondo sevalve ukuya phezulu nasezantsi ecaleni kwe-axis yesitulo sevalvu (umphezulu wokutywina). Xa kuthelekiswa nevalve yesango, inokusebenza kakuhle kokulawula, ukusebenza kakubi kokutywinwa, isakhiwo esilula, ukwenziwa kunye nokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukumelana nolwelo olukhulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Yivalve yebhloko esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho ephakathi kunye nencinci.